The Manchu way: the Eight Banners and ethnic identity in late imperial China

List of maps and figures List of tables Preface Note on transcription and other conventions Qing reign periods Introduction: the problem with the Manchus Part I. Structures of Eight Banner Society: 1. The eight banners and the origins of the Manchus 2. Manchu cities: tigers on the mountain 3. The emperor's men Part II. Patterns of Banner Life: 4. The iron rice bowl of banner privilege 5. Among the Nikan 6. Resident aliens Part III. The Cities of the Eighteenth Century: 7. Whither and manchu way? 8. Saving the banner system Conclusion Appendix Notes Chinese character glossary References Index.