Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease

The 2002 Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease guidelines from the Center for Disease Control (CDC) represents a revision of a prior set of guidelines represented by the CDC in 1996. Group B streptococcus (GBS) remains a leading cause of serious neonatal infection despite the significant efforts in the disease prevention through the 1990s, including recommendations presented by the CDC, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), and by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). The updated 2002 guidelines were based on clinical evidence and expert opinions gathered since the 1996 recommendations (). Significant changes in the newer guidelines included a recommendation for universal prenatal screening for GBS; detailed instructions on specimen collection, processing and testing; updated prophylaxis regimens for penicillin-allergic women; recommendations against routine antipartum antibiotic prophylaxis for GBS-colonized women undergoing planned cesarean deliveries prior to the onset of labor or the rupture of membranes; a suggested algorithm for management of threatened preterm delivery; and an updated algorithm for the management of newborns exposed to intrapartum antibiotics.