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By providing direct data transfer between storage and client, network-attached storage devices have the potential to improve scalability (by removing the server as a bottleneck) and performance (through net-work striping and shorter data paths). Realizing the technology’s full potential requires careful consider-ation across a wide range of file system, networking and security issues. To address these issues, this paper presents two new network-attached storage architectures. (1) Networked SCSI disks (NetSCSI) are network-attached storage devices with minimal changes from the familiar SCSI interface (2) Net-work-attached secure disks (NASD) are drives that support independent client access to drive provided object services. For both architectures, we present a sketch of repartitionings of distributed file system functionality, including a security framework whose strongest levels use tamper-resistant processing in the disks to provide action authorization and data privacy even when the drive is in an physically inse-cure location. Using AFS and NFS traces to evaluate each architecture’s potential to decrease file server workload, our results suggest that NetSCSI can reduce file server load during a burst of AFS activity by a factor of about 2; for the NASD architecture, server load (during burst activity) can be reduced by a factor of about 4 for AFS and 10 for NFS.