The Invention of Racism in Classical Antiquity

ILLUSTRATIONS ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xii INTRODUCTION 1 PART 1: STEREOTYPES AND PROTO-RACISM: CRITERIA FOR DIFFERENTIATION 53 CHAPTER 1 Superior and Inferior Peoples 55 CHAPTER 2 Conquest and Imperialism 169 CHAPTER 3 Fears and Suppression 225 Conclusions to Part 1, Chapters 2 and 3 248 PART 2: GREEK AND ROMAN ATTITUDES TOWARDS SPECIFIC GROUPS-GREEK AND ROMAN IMPERIALISM 253 INTRODUCTION TO PART 2 255 CHAPTER 4 Greeks and the East 257 CHAPTER 5 Roman Imperialism and the Conquest of the East 304 CHAPTER 6 Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Syrians 324 CHAPTER 7 Egyptians 352 CHAPTER 8 Parthia/Persia 371 CHAPTER 9 Roman Views of Greeks 381 CHAPTER 10 Mountaineers and Plainsmen 406 CHAPTER 11 Gauls 411 CHAPTER 12 Germans 427 CHAPTER 13 Jews 440 Conclusions to Part 2 492 END CONCLUSIONS 501 Ethnic Prejudice, Proto-Racism and Imperialism in Antiquity 503 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 517 INDEX OF SOURCES 541 GENERAL INDEX 553