Los pingüinos de las costas argentinas: estado poblacional y conservación

Three penguin species breed along the coasts of Argentina: the Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus), the Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome) and the Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua). The King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonica) historically bred at Isla de los Estados, and one individual was recently recorded there incubating an egg. This paper reviews the available information on the distribution and the population status of these penguin species. It also presents a synthesis of the information on the breeding cycle, the feeding ecology and habitat requirements for the Magellanic Penguin and the Rockhopper Penguin, and an evaluation of their interactions with human activities and current conservation status. The review focuses on aspects that are relevant to the development of monitoring programs, action plans and regional conservation strategies. Finally, a list of research, conservation and management recommendations is presented.