The association between brain injury, perioperative anesthetic exposure, and 12‐month neurodevelopmental outcomes after neonatal cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study

After adjustment for multiple relevant covariates, we demonstrated an association between VAA exposure, brain injury, ICU length of stay, and lower neurodevelopmental outcome scores at 12 months of age. These findings support the need for further studies to identify potential modifiable factors in the perioperative care of neonates with CHD to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes.