Binding energies in atomic negative ions

A survey of the electron affinity determinations for the elements up to Z=85 is presented, and based upon these data, a set of recommended electron affinities is established. Recent calculations of atomic electron affinities and the major semiempirical methods are discussed and compared with experiment. The experimental methods which yield quantitative electron binding energy data are described and intercompared Based primarily upon extrapolation techniques, fine structure splittings for these ions and excited state term energies are given.