Optimized rotation-axis attitude maneuver controller for the Space Shuttle Orbiter

This paper describes a controller for automatic attitude maneuvers of reaction-control-jet-equipped spacecraft. It is based on a new, real-time algorithm for solution of fuel-optimal maneuvers, assuming on-off control and linearized dynamics. These solutions provide efficient model trajectories that are easily tracked using a feed-forward, feedback controller structure. This approach was developed as a software upgrade to the Space Shuttle Orbiter on-orbit autopilot, for which it shows a very substantial performance benefit in a wide range of simulated maneuver tasks.