The Evolution of the Measurement of Cohesion

The concept of cohesion is reviewed along with how it has been described or measured over time by various observers, behavioral and social scientists, and military researchers. Changes in the concept of cohesion are presented as a reflection of prevailing societal conditions and of the issues and professional concerns of scientists at particular periods in time. Specifically, it is suggested that the measurement of cohesion has resulted from (a) the definition of cohesion adopted and its operationalization, (b) the professional situation of scientists conducting cohesion research, and (c) the kinds of technology and methods available and deemed appropriate in the period. Finally, recommendations are given for the future measurement of small unit cohesion.