Dynamical heterogeneity in soft-particle suspensions under shear

We present experimental measurements of dynamical heterogeneities in a dense system of microgel spheres, sheared at different rates and at different packing fractions in a microfluidic channel, and visualized with high-speed digital video microscopy. A four-point dynamic susceptibility is deduced from video correlations, and is found to exhibit a peak that grows in height and shifts to longer times as the jamming transition is approached from two different directions. In particular, the time for particle-size root-mean square relative displacements is found to scale as τ*∼(γΔφ4)(-1), where γ is the strain rate and Δφ = |φ - φ(c)| is the distance from the random close-packing volume fraction. The typical number of particles in a dynamical heterogeneity is deduced from the susceptibility peak height and found to scale as n*∼(γΔφ4)(-0.3). Exponent uncertainties are less than ten percent. We emphasize that the same power-law behavior is found at packing fractions above and below φ(c). Thus our results considerably extend a previous observation of n*∼γ(-0.3) for granular heap flow at fixed packing below φ(c). Furthermore, the implied result n*∼(τ*)(0.3) compares well with the expectation from mode-coupling theory and with prior observations for driven granular systems.