CALCULATION OF WALL-BOUNDED COMPLEX FLOWS AND FREE SHEAR FLOWS

Various wall-bounded flows with complex geometries and free shear flows have been studied with a newly developed realizable Reynolds stress algebraic equation model. The model development is based on the invariant theory in continuum mechanics. This theory enables us to formulate a general constitutive relation for the Reynolds stresses. Pope (J. Fluid Mech., 72, 331–340 (1975)) was the first to introduce this kind of constitutive relation to turbulence modelling. In our study, realizability is imposed on the truncated constitutive relation to determine the coefficients so that, unlike the standard k–ϵ eddy viscosity model, the present model will not produce negative normal stresses in any situations of rapid distortion. The calculations based on the present model have shown encouraging success in modelling complex turbulent flows.