Mass, quark-number, and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msqrt><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">NN</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:msqrt></mml:mrow></mml:math>dependence of the second and fourth flow harmonics in ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions

We present STAR measurements of the azimuthal anisotropy parameter ${v}_{2}$ for pions, kaons, protons, $\ensuremath{\Lambda},\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}},\ensuremath{\Xi}+\overline{\ensuremath{\Xi}}$, and $\ensuremath{\Omega}+\overline{\ensuremath{\Omega}}$, along with ${v}_{4}$ for pions, kaons, protons, and $\ensuremath{\Lambda}+\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ at midrapidity for Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathit{NN}}}=62.4$ and 200 GeV. The ${v}_{2}({p}_{T})$ values for all hadron species at 62.4 GeV are similar to those observed in 130 and 200 GeV collisions. For observed kinematic ranges, ${v}_{2}$ values at 62.4, 130, and 200 GeV are as little as 10--15% larger than those in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathit{NN}}}=17.3$ GeV. At intermediate transverse momentum (${p}_{T}$ from 1.5--5 GeV/$c$), the 62.4 GeV ${v}_{2}({p}_{T})$ and ${v}_{4}({p}_{T})$ values are consistent with the quark-number scaling first observed at 200 GeV. A four-particle cumulant analysis is used to assess the nonflow contributions to pions and protons and some indications are found for a smaller nonflow contribution to protons than pions. Baryon ${v}_{2}$ is larger than antibaryon ${v}_{2}$ at 62.4 and 200 GeV, perhaps indicating either that the initial spatial net-baryon distribution is anisotropic, that the mechanism leading to transport of baryon number from beam- to midrapidity enhances ${v}_{2}$ or that antibaryon and baryon annihilation is larger in the in-plane direction.