Disparities in the Classification of Esophageal and Cardia Adenocarcinomas and Their Influence on Reported Incidence Rates

There is a diagnostic mismatch between esophageal and cardia adenocarcinoma in the clinical setting and, therefore, also in Cancer Registers. In etiologic and therapeutic research, this problem needs consideration, since these tumors have distinct risk factor profiles and could be subjected to different treatment strategies. The increasing incidence rate of esophageal adenocarcinoma in Sweden is unlikely to be explained by such differences in tumor classification, however.