Placental size and the prediction of severe early‐onset intrauterine growth restriction in women with low pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A

Small placental size and elevated AFP, but not UtA Doppler indices, identify women with low PAPP-A at high risk of IUGR, extreme preterm delivery and stillbirth. These additional screening tests may directly improve perinatal outcomes in women with low PAPP-A.