High Level Information Fusion (HLIF): Survey of models, issues, and grand challenges

High-level information fusion (situation and threat assessment, process and user refinement) requires novel solutions for the operational transition of information fusion designs. Low-level (signal processing, object state estimation and characterization) is well-vetted in the community as compared to high-level information fusion (control and relationships to the environment). Specific areas of interest include modeling (situations, environments), representations (semantic, knowledge, and complex), information management (ontologies, protocols) systems design (scenario-based, user-based, distributed-agent) and evaluation (measures of performance/effectiveness, and empirical case studies).