Cardiovascular and Gastrointestinal Outcomes in Clopidogrel Users on Proton Pump Inhibitors: Results of a Large Dutch Cohort Study

New clopidogrel users on PPIs are at an increased risk of cardiovascular and GI complications compared with those who are not using a PPI. The inferior cardiovascular profile of clopidogrel users on PPIs and the occurrence of channeling bias may be important factors underlying this observation.