Genetic transformation of moss Ceratodon purpureus by means of polycationic carriers of DNA

There is much progress in application of genetic engineering for improving the biological properties of different organisms. Viral and nonviral carriers are used for delivery of genetic material into target cells. Polymeric materials of natural and synthetic origin are the most promising gene delivery agents. These polymers demonstrated high efficiency of DNA delivery into animal cells, although they were not very effective in plant cells. Here, the procedure for genetic transformation of Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. moss protoplasts is described. The method is based on the application of surface-active polymeric carriers of the poly-DMAEM structure and controlled length and charge. This allows obtaining more transient and stable moss transformants per microgram of plasmid DNA when compared with known protocol based on using polyethyleneglycol. It is easier, more convenient, and cheaper than the “gene gun” method. Prospects for further improvement of structure and functional characteristics of new polymeric carriers are considered for delivery of genetic material into plant cells.