VNA frequency extenders to 1.1 THz

Summary form only given. Vector Network Analyzers are among the most important test and measurement systems in modern microwave laboratories. If the terahertz frequency band is to be developed to the full potential, it is critical that VNAs and other systems such as signal generators and analyzers be extended to higher frequency. This paper will describe the development of VNA frequency extenders for use up to 1,100GHz.