Bound solitons in the nonlinear Schrödinger–Ginzburg-Landau equation

Interaction of slightly overlapping solitary pulses (SP's) is considered in the cubic nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with small pumping and dissipation terms, and in the quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation with small dispersion terms. In both cases, the small perturbing terms render the asymptotic wave form of a SP spatially oscillating. Using the description of the interaction of SP's in terms of an effective potential, it is demonstrated that this fact may give way to formation of two-pulse and multipulse bound states, which are weakly stable.