Review on Recent Progress in Nitrogen-Doped Graphene: Synthesis, Characterization, and Its Potential Applications

Nitrogen doping has been an effective way to tailor the properties of graphene and render its potential use for various applications. Three common bonding configurations are normally obtained when doping nitrogen into the graphene: pyridinic N, pyrrolic N, and graphitic N. This paper reviews nitrogen-doped graphene, including various synthesis methods to introduce N doping and various characterization techniques for the examination of various N bonding configurations. Potential applications of N-graphene are also reviewed on the basis of experimental and theoretical studies.