Taxonomic characterization of Shiraia-like fungi isolated from bamboos in Japan

The molecular phylogeny of nuclear LSU rDNA sequences (D1/D2 domain), ITS regions, and beta-tubulin gene (tub2) showed that the seven strains of Shiraia-like fungi obtained from fresh bamboo tissues as endophytes were closely related to Shiraia bambusicola and had three distinctive lineages (groups A–C). The closest group (group A) to S. bambusicola produced distinctive prawn-shaped conidioma-like structures that differed from conidiomata in the anamorph of S. bambusicola. Currently, none of the morphological structures and molecular database records were compatible with our Shiraia-like fungi. These results reveal that Shiraia-like fungi group A is supposed to be a new species that should be assigned into a novel genus/ species related to S. bambusicola.