Hard X-Ray Detector (HXD) on Board Suzaku

Abstract The Hard X-ray Detector (HXD) on board Suzaku covers a wide energy range from 10 keV to 600 keV by the combination of silicon PIN diodes and GSO scintillators. The HXD is designed to achieve an extremely low in-orbit background based on a combination of new techniques, including the concept of a well-type active shield counter. With an effective area of $142 \,\mathrm{cm}^{2}$ at 20 keV and $273 \,\mathrm{cm}^{2}$ at 150 keV, the background level at sea level reached $\sim 1 \times 10^{-5} \,\mathrm{cts} \,\mathrm{s}^{-1} \,\mathrm{cm}^{-2} \,\mathrm{keV}^{-1}$ at 30 keV for the PIN diodes, and $\sim 2 \times 10^{-5} \,\mathrm{cts} \,\mathrm{s}^{-1} \,\mathrm{cm}^{-2} \,\mathrm{keV}^{-1}$ at 100 keV, and $\sim 7 \times 10^{-6} \,\mathrm{cts} \,\mathrm{s}^{-1} \,\mathrm{cm}^{-2} \,\mathrm{keV}^{-1}$ at 200 keV for the phoswich counter. Tight active shielding of the HXD results in a large array of guard counters surrounding the main detector parts. These anti-coincidence counters, made of $\sim 4 \,\mathrm{cm}$ thick BGO crystals, have a large effective area for sub-MeV to MeV $\gamma$-rays. They work as an excellent $\gamma$-ray burst monitor with limited angular resolution ($\sim 5^{\circ}$). The on-board signal-processing system and the data transmitted to the ground are also described.