A nitrogen-gas-stream cryostat for general X-ray diffraction studies

A continuous nitrogen-flow cooling device, generally applicable to X-ray diffraction studies, is described. The device works in the range 77.4 to 323.0 K with a precision of ±0.1 K and a liquid-nitrogen constant consumption rate of 0.5 l h−1 over the whole temperature range. The supply vessel is unpressurized, so that refilling can be done without any observable influence on the cooling of the sample.