The perovskite structure—a review of its role in ceramic science and technology

AbstractStarting with the history of the fundamental science of the relation of structure to composition delineated completely by Goldschmidt, we use the perovskite structure to illustrate the enormous power of crystal chemistry-based intelligent synthesis in creating new materials.The perovskite structure is shown to be the single most versatile ceramic host. By appropriate changes in composition one can modify the most significant electro- ceramic dielectric (BaTiO3 and its relatives) phase in industry, into metallic conductors, superconductors or the highest pressure phases in the earth. After an historical introduction of the science, detailed treatment of the applications is confined to the most recent research on novel uses in piezoelectric, ferroelectric and related applications.Keywords: PerovskiteCrystal-chemistryTolerance factorFerroicsElectro-ceramics