First occurrence of resistance to strobilurin fungicides in <i>Microdochium nivale</i> and <i>Microdochium majus</i> from French naturally infected wheat grains

This is the first report of strobilurin resistance in Microdochium. Several resistance mechanisms have evolved independently in populations and may have different impacts on field efficacy. This makes the accurate detection and quantification of QoI resistance difficult. The management of field resistance and efficacy must be adapted to take these findings into account.