Time and Space Distribution of Coseismic Slip of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake as Inferred from Tsunami Waveform Data

Research Article| May 01, 2013 Time and Space Distribution of Coseismic Slip of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake as Inferred from Tsunami Waveform Data Kenji Satake; Kenji Satake Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1‐1‐1 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo 113‐0032, Japansatake@eri.u-toko.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Yushiro Fujii; Yushiro Fujii International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, Building Research Institute, 1 Tachihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐0802, Japanfujii@kenken.go.jp Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Tomoya Harada; Tomoya Harada Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1‐1‐1 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo 113‐0032 Japanharatomo@eri.u-toko.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Yuichi Namegaya Yuichi Namegaya Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center, Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8567, Japanyuichi.namegaya@aist.go.jp Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Kenji Satake Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1‐1‐1 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo 113‐0032, Japansatake@eri.u-toko.ac.jp Yushiro Fujii International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, Building Research Institute, 1 Tachihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐0802, Japanfujii@kenken.go.jp Tomoya Harada Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 1‐1‐1 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo 113‐0032 Japanharatomo@eri.u-toko.ac.jp Yuichi Namegaya Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center, Geological Survey of Japan, AIST, 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8567, Japanyuichi.namegaya@aist.go.jp Publisher: Seismological Society of America First Online: 14 Jul 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-3573 Print ISSN: 0037-1106 Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (2013) 103 (2B): 1473–1492. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120122 Article history First Online: 14 Jul 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Kenji Satake, Yushiro Fujii, Tomoya Harada, Yuichi Namegaya; Time and Space Distribution of Coseismic Slip of the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake as Inferred from Tsunami Waveform Data. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2013;; 103 (2B): 1473–1492. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/0120120122 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyBulletin of the Seismological Society of America Search Advanced Search Abstract A multiple time window inversion of 53 high‐sampling tsunami waveforms on ocean‐bottom pressure, Global Positioning System, coastal wave, and tide gauges shows a temporal and spatial slip distribution during the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. The fault rupture started near the hypocenter and propagated into both deep and shallow parts of the plate interface. A very large slip (approximately 25 m) in the deep part off Miyagi at a location similar to the previous 869 Jogan earthquake model was responsible for the initial rise of tsunami waveforms and the recorded tsunami inundation in the Sendai and Ishinomaki plains. A huge slip, up to 69 m, occurred in the shallow part near the trench axis 3 min after the rupture initiation. This delayed shallow rupture extended for 400 km with more than a 10‐m slip, at a location similar to the 1896 Sanriku tsunami earthquake, and was responsible for the peak amplitudes of the tsunami waveforms and the maximum tsunami heights measured on the northern Sanriku coast, 100 km north of the largest slip. The average slip on the entire fault was 9.5 m, and the total seismic moment was 4.2×1022 N·m (Mw 9.0). The large horizontal displacement of seafloor slope was responsible for 20%–40% of tsunami amplitudes. The 2011 deep slip alone could reproduce the distribution of the 869 tsunami deposits, indicating that the 869 Jogan earthquake source could be similar to the 2011 earthquake, at least in the deep‐plate interface. The large tsunami at the Fukushima nuclear power station is due to either the combination of a deep and shallow slip or a triggering of a shallow slip by a deep slip, which was not accounted for in the previous tsunami‐hazard assessments.Online Material: Table of estimated slip for all subfaults at 0.5 min invervals. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.