Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy Based on Stroke Volume Variations Improves Fluid Management and Gastrointestinal Perfusion in Patients Undergoing Major Orthopedic Surgery

In trauma patients, the ability to predict death and MOF is maximized at values of pHi less than 7.25 and GAP greater than 18 mm Hg. These values represent clinically derived cutoffs that should be useful for evaluating the adequacy of intestinal perfusion during resuscitation.