Land mammal biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy of the Etadunna Formation (late Oligocene) of South Australia

ABSTRACT Field work recently completed in the Lake Eyre Basin, South Australia, has resulted in the development of a land mammal (marsupial) biostratigraphy of the Etadunna Formation. Whereas traditional interpretations of the age of this sequence suggest it is about 15 m.y. old, new information indicates that the Etadunna likely is 24–26 m.y. old. In either case, it appears possible to document a four-fold fossil mammal zonation of this rock unit at lakes Palankarinna, Kanunka, Pitikanta, and Ngapakaldi, in a composite section of strata that spans at least 30 m. Magnetostratigraphic data for the same succession are generally consistent with the correlation of the Etadunna Formation sites at Lake Palankarinna with of those at lakes Kanunka, Pitikanta, and Ngapakaldi to the north, as based on paleontological information. The magnetic polarity zonation of these Etadunna Formation strata is consistent with a correlation to the world magnetic polarity time scale at about 24–26 m.y. This is the first fine-scale zonation based on fossil land mammals for strata of late Oligocene age in Australia. The combined mammal and magnetic data show promise of developing the Etadunna Formation as a reference standard for land mammal correlations within Australia and the relation of these to land mammal zonations beyond the Australian continent.