Two-dimensional reattaching jet flows including the effects of curvature on entrainment

The analysis given previously for predicting the average pressure and length of the region of recirculating flow enclosed by a low-speed turbulent jet, issuing parallel to a flat plate, has been modified to take into account the different rates of entrainment by the two edges of the curved jet, the initial mixing region and the pressure forces near reattachment. There is improved correlation between theory and experiment. The analysis has been applied to the flow due to a jet emerging at an angle to a flat plate, and gives good prediction of the length and average pressure of the recirculation region for a particular value of an entrainment-ratio parameter. Curvature has a considerable effect on the rates of entrainment, but a first-order mixing-length theory indicates that this need not necessarily be accompanied by a marked deviation in jet velocity profile from that of a plane jet.