Combined passive and active immunoprophylaxis for preventing perinatal transmission of the hepatitis B virus carrier state in Shizuoka, Japan during 1980–1994

Passive-active immunoprophylasxis of high-risk babies was highly efficacious in preventing perinatal transmission of the HBV carrier state. Most failures (approximately 70%) occurred in the high-risk babies who were exposed to HBV after birth, and would have been avoided by careful and extensive execution of the immunoprophylaxis.