Modification of polyolefin surfaces by plasma-induced grafting

Polar monomers have been grafted onto polyolefin surfaces with the aid of inert gas plasma. In the first stage, an inert gas plasma (argon plasma) was used to generate free radicals on the polyolefin surface. In the second stage, the plasma generator was turned off and a vinyl monomer introduced as a vapor. Monomer was surface grafted by free radical polymerization. After cleaning and drying, the samples were analyzed by XPS, IR, and contact angle. LD–PE was successfully grafted with acrylic acid, glycidyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxy ethylacrylate. The grafting of acrylic acid was studied in more detail, and the rate of grafting was observed to increase with increasing monomer pressure and to decrease with time. The increasing of grafting temperature was found to reduce the degree of grafting. This last factor can be explained by the reduced concentration of monomer at the polymer surface or by a deactivation of surface radicals. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.