An Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Depleted Pacific Salmon Populations in Pacific Northwest Watersheds

We propose an approach to the development of restoration programs for Pacific anadromous salmon that recognizes the importance of an ecosystem perspective. Important concepts such as habitat complexity and self-organizing capacity of the stock are reviewed. A planning process comprised of six steps is described. The approach includes a comparison of historic and current habitat complexity and connectivity and intrapopulation life history diversity. Uncertainties are incorporated into the planning process through assumptions that are clearly identified. Risk of project failure is determined through a qualitative or quantitative weighing of the critical uncertainties. We emphasize the concept that restoration planning is an iterative process that must be continued after implementation.