Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) as a second neoplasm occurring after neuroblastoma treatment

As far as we know, this is the first report of a non-Hodgkin lymphoma developing after successful treatment of neuroblastoma. A boy was found to have a mediastinal T-cell lymphoma at the age of 5. He had been treated for a neuroblastoma of the left adrenal region 4 years before, when by intensive chemotherapy and radiation a complete remission of the primary tumor was achieved. The second malignancy has also been controlled without evidence of recurrence 1 year after termination of treatment. We conclude that treatment of a neuroblastoma by cytostatic drugs and radiation may lead to a non-Hodgkin lymphoma as a second malignancy.