Tuberculosis in Renal Transplant Recipients: The Evidence for Prophylaxis

Both randomized and nonrandomized studies support the value of isoniazid as TB prophylaxis in renal transplant recipients at risk of active infection. Clinicians should consider prophylaxis in renal transplant recipients in endemic areas or in recipients in nonendemic countries who are at risk. However, the evidence for the benefit of isoniazid prophylaxis in renal transplantation is not robust and there is still a need for a large multicenter trial of isoniazid prophylaxis in kidney transplantation in an endemic area.