In vitro plant regeneration in seedless grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)

Young leaves, shoot apices, nodal and internodal segments from mature field-grown grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) cvs Thompson Seedless and Perlette were cultured on MS medium containing different concentrations and combinations of NAA, 2,4-D, Kin and BAP. The genotype, nature of explant and chemical composition of medium affected the callusing frequency and type of callus. The media containing auxins produced friable, soft and creamish white to green calli. Such calli turned brown and died within 4-6 weeks. The medium containing BAP or Kin produced green compact and nodular calli. The subculturing of green nodular calli on MS basal medium induced 20.0 and 12.5 % rooting in cvs Perlette and Thompson Seedless respectively. Subculturing of calli on MS medium containing BAP (2 mg/l) resulted in 12.1 % complete plant regeneration in Thompson Seedless, cv. Perlette failed to regenerate. Adventitious shoots developed in 65.4 and 50.0 % of the cases from the in vitro derived leaves of Thompson Seedless and Perlette when cultured on MS medium containing BAP (2 mg/l). More than 85 % of the adventitious shoots of both the cultivars rooted successfully on MS medium containing IBA (1 mg/l).