Capacity of Mouse Oocytes from Preantral Follicles to Undergo Embryogenesis and Development to Live Young after Growth, Maturation, and Fertilization in Vitro1

A system is described here by which live mice can be produced from oocytes isolated from 12-day-old mice, be grown, matured, and fertilized in vitro, and then be transferred to pseudopregnant females. These oocytes were, at the time of isolation from preantral follicles, in about mid-growth phase and incompetent of undergoing germinal vesicle breakdown (GVB) without further development. The developmental competence of mouse oocytes that grew and underwent maturation in vitro was compared to oocytes that grew in vivo and underwent maturation in vitro. After isolation from mice 16 through 28 days old, oocytes were found to increase in size and to sequentially acquire the ability to undergo GVB, produce a polar body, cleave to the 2-cell stage after insemination, and develop to the blastocyst stage. Moreover, the number of cells per blastocyst increased with the age of the mice from which the immature oocytes were isolated. Oocyte-granulosa cell complexes isolated from 12-day-old mice were cultured for 10 days. At the end of the culture period, the oocytes had grown to a size equivalent to oocytes isolated from 16-day-old mice, and 87% of the in-vitro-grown (IVG) oocytes underwent GVB; 79% of these produced a clearly visible polar body when maturation occurred in the presence of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The IVG oocytes cleaved to the 2-cell stage after insemination in vitro with a frequency equivalent to superovulated ova and ova that matured in vitro after isolation from 22-day-old mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)