Chronic Regional Pain Syndrome, Type 1: Part II

Chronic regional pain syndrome refers to a class of disorders thought to involve common neuropathic and clinical features. These disorders usually are caused by injury, and they manifest in pain and sensory changes that are disproportionate in intensity, distribution, and duration to the underlying pathology. The result of these injuries is significant impairment of motor function over time. This article is divided into two parts. Part I discusses background information such as pain, pathophysiology, diagnosis, clinical stages, and the most common treatment modality, sympathetic nerve blocks. Part II, discusses alternate treatment modalities, such as sympathectomy, physical therapy, stimulators, trigger point injections, acupuncture, tourniquet effects, placebo effects, and amputation.