Analysis of risk factors for myelodysplasias, leukemias and death from infection among patients with congenital neutropenia. Experience of the French Severe Chronic Neutropenia Study Group.

Risk factors for MDS/AL were the diagnostic category, the severity of neutropenia, younger age at diagnosis, and strong exposure to G-CSF. MDS/AL only occurred in patients with severe congenital neutropenia and SDS. Owing to their particular susceptibility to infections, patients with severe congenital neutropenia had the strongest exposure to G-CSF; the risk of leukemia increased with the degree of G-CSF exposure in this subgroup.