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The demonstration that oxidatively modified forms of proteins accumulate during aging, oxidative stress, and in some pathological conditions has focused attention on physiological and non-physiological mechanisms for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) 1The abbreviations used are: ROS, reactive oxygen species; MeSOX, methionine sulfoxide reductase; PN, peroxynitrite; GS, glutamine synthetase. 1The abbreviations used are: ROS, reactive oxygen species; MeSOX, methionine sulfoxide reductase; PN, peroxynitrite; GS, glutamine synthetase. and on the modification of biological molecules by various kinds of ROS. Basic principles that govern the oxidation of proteins by ROS were established in the pioneering studies of Swallow (1Swallow A.J. Swallow A.J. Radiation Chemistry of Organic Compounds. Pergamon Press, New York1960: 211-224Google Scholar), Garrison (2Garrison W.M. Chem. Rev. 1987; 87: 381-398Crossref Scopus (632) Google Scholar, 3Garrison W.M. Jayko M.E. Bennett W. Radiat. Res. 1962; 16: 487-502Crossref Scopus (83) Google Scholar), and Scheussler and Schilling (4Schuessler H. Schilling K. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 1984; 45: 267-281Crossref Scopus (199) Google Scholar) who characterized reaction products formed when proteins were exposed conditions of of studies that the modification of proteins by the of the oxidation by the of and ROS oxidation of of and oxidation of the in the has that forms of ROS products and that for and in some of the and in and of of for and in and of of for of the in oxidative of the by of the of The for reaction by of by of and The formed the by of of the in that by by by The and in in the of in in the of when in the generation of the for of the by the by the the the of the the the the of the the by the the the of the the the of the the of the the by the and of the by the by the and of ROS of and by Garrison (2Garrison W.M. Chem. Rev. 1987; 87: 381-398Crossref Scopus (632) Google Scholar), of the of by and in by in formed and the of the the of the on the that the of formed during of proteins the of and Schilling (4Schuessler H. Schilling K. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 1984; 45: 267-281Crossref Scopus (199) Google Scholar) that oxidation of by studies of K. Res. 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Google Scholar), by the of in the of of the that govern the oxidation and that that the of in the of oxidatively modified has in of the in that of the The demonstration that oxidatively modified forms of proteins accumulate during aging, oxidative stress, and in some pathological conditions has focused attention on physiological and non-physiological mechanisms for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) 1The abbreviations used are: ROS, reactive oxygen species; MeSOX, methionine sulfoxide reductase; PN, peroxynitrite; GS, glutamine synthetase. 1The abbreviations used are: ROS, reactive oxygen species; MeSOX, methionine sulfoxide reductase; PN, peroxynitrite; GS, glutamine synthetase. and on the modification of biological molecules by various kinds of ROS. Basic principles that govern the oxidation of proteins by ROS were established in the pioneering studies of Swallow (1Swallow A.J. Swallow A.J. Radiation Chemistry of Organic Compounds. Pergamon Press, New York1960: 211-224Google Scholar), Garrison (2Garrison W.M. Chem. Rev. 1987; 87: 381-398Crossref Scopus (632) Google Scholar, 3Garrison W.M. Jayko M.E. Bennett W. Radiat. Res. 1962; 16: 487-502Crossref Scopus (83) Google Scholar), and Scheussler and Schilling (4Schuessler H. Schilling K. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 1984; 45: 267-281Crossref Scopus (199) Google Scholar) who characterized reaction products formed when proteins were exposed conditions of of studies that the modification of proteins by the of the oxidation by the of and ROS oxidation of of and oxidation of the in the has that forms of ROS products and that for and in some of the and in and of of for and in and of of for of the in oxidative of the by of the of The for reaction by of by of and The formed the by of of the in that by by by The and in in the of in in the of when in the in oxidative of the by of the of The for reaction by of by of and The formed the by of of the in that by by by The and in in the of in in the of when in the generation of the for of the by the by the the the of the the the the of the the by the the the of the the the of the the of the the by the and of the by the of ROS of and by Garrison (2Garrison W.M. Chem. 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Published in: Journal of Biological Chemistry
Volume 272, Issue 33, pp. 20313-20316