Hydrocarbon and hydrogen-rich syngas production by biomass catalytic pyrolysis and bio-oil upgrading over biochar catalysts

A renewable biochar catalyst was developed with high porosity, high surface area, high minerals and surface functional groups. It enhanced hydrogen (27.02 vol% in syngas) and hydrocarbons (42.56 area% in upgraded bio-oil) production in biomass catalytic pyrolysis and bio-oil upgrading. The biochar catalysts had good thermal stability and durability with less coking according to the thermal gravimetric (TG) analysis.