Synchronized phasor measurements in power systems

The use of time synchronizing techniques, coupled with the computer-based measurement technique, to measure phasors and phase angle differences in real time is reviewed, and phasor measurement units are discussed. Many of the research projects concerned with applications of synchronized phasor measurements are described. These include measuring the frequency and magnitude of phasor, state estimation, instability prediction, adaptive relaying, and improved control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>