Foreign Body Reaction to Biomaterials: On Mechanisms for Buildup and Breakdown of Osseointegration

Dentistry is still to embrace the concept of the biomaterials' healing- and immune-modulating effect when in contact with body tissues. The presented knowledge has the potential to open the door for a different interpretation of past, current, and future observations in dental implant science. From a clinical standpoint, it seems recommendable to react as rapidly as possible when facing peri-implant bone loss, trying to reestablish a foreign body equilibrium if with some bone resorption.