A thyristor controlled series compensator model for the power flow solution of practical power networks

A new and comprehensive load flow model for the thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) is presented in this paper. In this model the state variable is the TCSC's firing angle, which is combined with the nodal voltage magnitudes and angles of the entire network in a single frame-of-reference for a unified iterative solution through a Newton-Raphson method. Unlike TCSC models available in the open literature, this model takes account of the loop current that exists in the TCSC under both partial and full conduction operating modes. Also, the model takes proper care of the resonant points exhibited by the TCSC fundamental frequency impedance. The Newton-Raphson algorithm exhibits quadratic or near-quadratic convergence characteristics, regardless of the size of the network and the number of TCSC devices.