Kinship and Diversification of Bacterial Penicillin-Binding Proteins and β-Lactamases

The catalytic function of β-lactamases is the primary cause of bacterial resistance to β-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins and cephalosporins). β-Lactamases show diversity in both structure and function ([4][1]). Four molecular classes (classes A, B, C, and D) of β-lactamases are recognized