Dimuon production in proton-copper collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msqrt><mml:mrow><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msqrt></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mrow/></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>38.8</mml:mn><mml:mn/></mml:math>GeV

Experimental results on the production of dimuons by 800-GeV protons incident on a copper target are presented. The results include measurements of both the continuum of dimuons and the dimuon decays of the three lowest-mass $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}$ $S$ states. A description of the apparatus, data acquisition, and analysis techniques is included. A comparison of the results with data taken at lower incident energies indicates a scaling behavior of the continuum dimuon yields.