The Effectiveness and Relative Effectiveness of Intravenous Inotropic Drugs Acting Through the Adrenergic Pathway in Patients with Heart Failure—A Meta-Regression Analysis

Intravenous inotropic agents acting through the adrenergic pathway are often used in patients with worsening heart failure to achieve arbitrary haemodynamic targets. Our analyses show that there is very little evidence that such treatment improves symptoms or patient outcomes and may not be safe. This highlights the need for further well designed randomised clinical trials.