Clinical Evaluation of the BDProbeTec ET System for Rapid Detection of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>

The performance of the BDProbeTec ET system (BD Biosciences, Sparks, Md.) for direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in respiratory specimens was evaluated by comparing results to those of conventional mycobacterial culture performed with the BACTEC 460 TB system and Middlebrook 7H11 biplates. Patients known to have been on antituberculous therapy were excluded from the analysis. Of 600 evaluable specimens (4 specimens were excluded from the analysis due to failure of the internal amplification control [IAC]) from 332 patients, 57 grew mycobacteria; 16 were MTBC (from 12 patients), and 41 were nontuberculous mycobacteria. Of the 16 MTBC culture-positive specimens, 12 were smear positive and 4 were smear negative. BDProbeTec ET detected 14 of the 16 MTBC culture-positive specimens, resulting in initial overall sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 87.5, 99.0, 70.0, and 99.7%, respectively. After resolution of discrepancies by review of medical records and retesting of samples yielding discordant MTBC culture and BDProbeTec ET results, the revised overall sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the BDProbeTec ET were respectively 93.8, 99.8, 93.8, and 99.8% by specimen and 91.7, 99.7, 91.7, and 99.7% by patient. The BDProbeTec ET System offers the distinct advantage of including an IAC in the specimen well. These data suggest that the test performance is very good, especially for smear-positive samples. However, the number of patients with tuberculosis in our study, especially those with smear-negative disease, was small; therefore, additional studies are needed.