Direct load control as a market-based program in deregulated power industries

This paper focuses on design of direct load control of customer's appliances as a market-based program in deregulated power industries. The methodology based on linear programming, for determining direct load control scenarios and evaluation of their capabilities to compete with generation in deregulated power markets is proposed. Quantitative results showing effects of direct load control of water heaters and air conditioners in a real-life power system are presented.