A decrease of the butyrate-producing species <i>Roseburia hominis</i> and <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> defines dysbiosis in patients with ulcerative colitis

The composition of the fecal microbiota of UC patients differs from that of healthy individuals: we found a reduction in R hominis and F prausnitzii, both well-known butyrate-producing bacteria of the Firmicutes phylum. These results underscore the importance of dysbiosis in IBD but suggest that different bacterial species contribute to the pathogenesis of UC and CD.