Pre- and Post-Treatment Serum Levels of Cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-1 Receptor Antagonist in Celiac Disease. Are They Related to the Associated Osteopenia?

Our data demonstrate that the inflammatory process observed in active celiac disease is associated with high serum levels of IL-1beta and IL-6 and normal levels of IL-1-RA. Treatment significantly reduces both proinflammatory cytokines and significantly increases the antiinflammatory one. We also suggest that these cytokines might have a role in the osteopenia associated with celiac disease.